ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To study main way and target of Euphorbia kansui after stir-frying with vinegar. METHODS Twenty-four SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into blank group， E. kansui group （850 mg/kg） and vinegar stir-fried E. kansui group （850 mg/kg）， with 8 rats in each group. Blank group was given 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution intragastrically， and E. kansui group and vinegar stir-fried E. kansui group were given relevant test sample for consecutive 20 d. The rats’ urine of 12 hours was collected on the 20th day. The urine samples of rats in each group were determined by UPLC-Q- Exactive-MS. The data was pre-processed by Compound Discoverer 3.0 software， and the metabolite structure was identified by BioCyc， HMDB and other databases. Whether different groups presented their own clustering phenomenon was observed by principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， etc. Based on the pathway analysis of MetaboAnalyst， the potential targets of detoxification mechanism of E. kansui after stir-frying with vinegar were predicted. RESULTS Twenty significantly differential endogenous metabolites were identified， of which 10 target metabolites， such as N-acetyl-L-aspartate and 3-phosphonooxypyruvic acid， were targets of detoxification mechanism of E. kansui after stir- frying with vinegar. The main metabolic pathways included arginine biosynthesis， alanine， aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism， cysteine and methionine metabolism， and arginine and D-ornithine metabolism. The biological significance of all related metabolites in the pathways was analyzed and speculated； after stir-frying with vinegar， E. kansui may alleviate neurotoxicity by reducing the level of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid； E. kansui had a protective effect on cardio-cerebrovascular system by increasing the level of L-high arginine. CONCLUSIONS After stir-frying with vinegar， E. kansui can significantly improve the adverse factors in terms of nervous system， cardio-cerebrovascular system， immune system and energy metabolism. The most concentrated metabolic pathway related to its detoxification mechanism is arginine biosynthesis.
ABSTRACT
Euphorbia kansui is a traditional Chinese medicine that is widely applied to treat edema, ascites, and so on. In recent years, many research fields of E. kansui were carried out, and its new chemical constituents and pharmacological effects have been reported successively. This paper reviews the biological characteristics, chemical constituents, and pharmacological effects of E. kansui, which can provide references for the future research and application of E. kansui.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the isolation and identification of the chemical constituents in the root tubers of Euphorbia kansui and screen the cytotoxic activity of monomer compounds. Methods: The silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methodx were used. The structures were identified by the spectrum data analysis (MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR); The cytotoxic activity of monomer compounds was determined by MTT method. Results: Nine compounds were identified from the ethyl acetate part, respectively. They were kansuinin B (1), 3-O-(2, 3-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-dodecanoyl-ingenol (2), 5-O-benzoyl-20-deoxyingenol (3), euphol (4), isoscopletin (5), adenosine (6), hydroxytyrosol (7), 2', 4', 7-trihydroxy isoflavone (8), and emodin (9). Among them compound 1 is jatrophane-type diterpene, compounds 2 and 3 are the ingenane-type diterpenes, compound 4 is triterpene compound. Conclusion: Compounds 6-8 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 and 9 have the good inhibition on intestinal epithelial cells ICE-6.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the mechanisms of Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui induced liver damage. Methods 40 mices were selected and radomly divided into four groups according to the dose of Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui used,there were 4 g/kg group(1/8 LD50 ),2 g/kg group(1/16 LD50),1 g/kg group(1/32 LD)50,and control group,which were given saline. After continuous administration for 21 d by ig,the body weight and liver coefficient of mice in all groups were determined,liver histological changes were detected by HE staining. The serum enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase (AST),the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),the content of malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide anion radical (O2-·)and hydroxyl radical (OH·)were all measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS)content were detected by flow cytometry. Results With the increase dose of Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui,the body weight of rats were decreased,and liver coefficient were increased(P<0.05). The serum ALT,AST activity were significantly increased,SOD and GSH-Px activity were significantly decreased(P<0.05),MDA content were increased significantly,radical O2-·, OH·and intracellular ROS levels were all increased (P<0.05 ). Conclusion Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui induced liver injury though lipid peroxidation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the treatment effects of Kansui root on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) with abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).Methods 16 cases of SAP were randomly divided into kansui root treatment group and control group according to random number table.Patients in control group received routine treatment including fasting, anti-shock, antibiotics and nutritional support.And the patients in kansui root group received routine treatment plus kansui root therapy.The clinical and laboratory parameters were determined and compared between the two groups.Results The relieving time of abdominal pain, bowel sound, the recovery time of hyperamylasemia, body temperature and leukocyte count in treatment group was (7.6±2.3)d, (6.1 ±3.1)d, (5.9±3.3)d, (5.2 ±3.2) d, (6.3 ±2.1)d, which were significantly shorter than those in control group [ ( 11.7 ± 2.1 ) d, ( 11.2 ± 2.3d, ( 10.2 ± 2.7) d, (9.2 ± 3.5 ) d, ( 11.1 ±3.3)d, P＜0.01 ) ].At the 3rd, 4th and 5th day, the intra-abdominal pressure in treatment group were also significantly lower than those in control group[ ( 19.8 ±3.1 )cmH2O vs(23.7 ±2.9) cmH2O, ( 12.3 ±2.7) cmH2O vs (21.3±1.5)cmH2O,(8.2±3.1)cmH2O vs (17.3 ±2.3)cmH2O,P＜0.05].Conclusions Severe acute pancreatitis has close relationship with Jiexiong syndrome in traditional chinese medicine.Kansui root is an effective therapy for alleviating high intra-abdominal pressure.
ABSTRACT
Object A study on the ingenol-type diterpene esters of Euphorbia kansui T. N. Liou ex T. P. Wang. Methods Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis, especially 2DNMR ( 1H- 1HCOSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY). Results Six ingenol-type diterpene esters were isolated successfully, two of them were identified as 3-O-(2′E, 4′Z-decadienoyl)-20-O-acetylingenol (Ⅰ) and kansuiphorin C (Ⅱ). Conclusion NMR data of compound Ⅰ and 13 CNMR data of compound Ⅱ were first reported. On the basis of variety of 2DNMR experiments, NMR data of compound Ⅰ and Ⅱ were well assigned.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To elucidate antiviral fractions from ethanol extract of Euphorbia kansui .Methods: Initial separation of ethanol extract from Euphorbia kansui was performed by column chromatography. The test mice were infected with flu virus mouse pneumonia adaptive strain (FM 1) and then treated with separated fractions intragastrally for determining lung index inhibition rate. The T lymphocyte proliferation enhancement was observed by the dosimetry of 3 H TdR infiltrated into DNA of the cell.Result: Initial separation of the extract afforded to 15 fractions. Fractions 8～15 with the elution volume from 29500 to 95000mL were highly effective to the therapy of the mice pneumonia. The enhancement to the lymphocyte proliferation of the 8 fractions under low concentration were 2～3 times higher than that of the control.Conclusion: Fractions 5 and 8～15 exhibited strong in vivo antiviral activity to the test virus, which might be realized by stimulating lymphocyte proliferation, enhancing the capacity of killing the cells infected by the virus.